One of the finest looking cars ever produced!
Watch our main page for details on the conversion package for the DeLorean
That will take you......Back to the Future!!!
This is a list of responses to our most frequently asked questions. We have omitted the questions in most cases as the answers speak for themselves. The newest answers are posted at the top, for the convenience of frequent visitors to our site. As a technical specialist involved daily in the certification of gasoline engines, I see the failure of the promise of ethanol blended gasoline to wean America off foreign oil while reducing fuel costs. A recent test comparing standard non-blended gasoline wtih E10 and E25 blended fuel left no doubt about its failure. In this test, the engine was fueled with non-ethanol 87 octane fuel and was tuned to meet the appropriate specifications. The engine was then switched to E25 (25% ethanol, 75% 87 octane fuel) and was restarted. Within 20 seconds of start, the engine failed to make full power, lost speed and quickly exceeded peak operating temperature. To prevent destruction, the engine was re-tuned to increase the fuel flow 30% over non-ethanol blended fuel. If the addition of ethanol requires you to increase fuel by 30 percent to achieve a power level equal to that of non-ethanol fuel, this means you will run out of gas 30% faster. For example, if you once burned 10 gallons of fuel commuting to work over a two week period, you will now run out of gas three days early. In the case of E10 you will have to refuel one day early. But E10 is only the first step and E25 is the next. Not only is the gas costing you 200% more than it did 3 years ago, but you will soon be required by law to accept 30% less fuel economy. Rocklyn Faher Virginia Beach The United States tax economy runs on oil. Just as simple as that. The Federal government cannot allow for the introduction of Electric Vehicles on a large scale as it would undermine the tax structure that keeps the tax coffers full. This explains why such stringent rules are always set in place to prevent the vehicles from being mass produced. On the average day the United States uses 400,000,000 gallons of gas. That is four hundred million gallons. The Federal tax on this is 18.4 cents per gallon. If you take the daily use and multiply it by the number of days in a year you come up with 146 billion gallons of gas consumed per year. At 18.4 cents per gallon that is $27,000,000,000 (27 billion dollars) in Federal taxes yearly. That is a lot of tax revenue to try to replace! The tax on gas at the state level varies a great deal, you can look up your state's fuel tax at http://www.virginiagasprices.com/tax_info.aspx The average of 50 cents will be applied though, and that results in $73,000,000,000 (73 billion dollars) of state level taxes. That is a huge amount of tax revenue to have go away. How would the government fund pet projects without that kind of money? So in summary, to introduce a viable electric vehicle to the market would kill $100,000,000,000 in taxes. Plus it eliminates the easiest method the Federal government has for dipping in to your wallet. On another note: Many people wonder why that 9/10 of a cent thing is on every gallon of gas price. There are many stories about this, one of them is probably true, but the fact of the matter is that that 9/10 extra on the price generates an additional $141,000,000 (141 million dollars) for the oil companies. Now the answer to the question is fairly obvious. The United States government can't afford an electric vehicle industry.
Last updated November 24, 2009.
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The Peukert effect is non-existant on LiFePO4 batteries discharging below 3C.
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Shipping charges average $8 per cell about anywhere in the US by UPS or FedEx.
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LiFePO4 cells will last the life of your EV if you use our cell balancers and recommended chargers.
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The below commentary appeared in the Virginia Pilot on May 10, 2008
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A frequent topic to come up in EV chat rooms is why the big three automakers continue to produce ICE automobiles when they now have proven that EV's are viable and reliable vehicles. Of course there are as many conspiracy theories out there as there are used automobiles. The truth is easy enough to derive if you just follow the money.
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One of the most commonly asked questions is "How much will it cost me to recharge my EV fully?". The answer to this question varies from state to state. Your electric rate is billed to you at a cost per KWh. If that was all that was involved in your utility bill it would be a cake walk, but there are other fees. To arrive at the true cost of a charge you have to account for all the little little tax bites the state and federal government takes out of your wallet in the name of your utility bill. These fees are added to the utility bill to cover many useful services .....such as not inspecting bridges until after they fall in to the river.....not inspecting cranes and scaffolding until after it falls on an apartment building and workers.....not inspecting heat shield tiles until they are spread out over most of Texas. Granted, these things are much easier to inspect when they are in little pieces at ground level......but that defeats the purpose of the inspection.
Here in VA the Utility company finally put out a comprehensive billing explanation that allows for all costs to be calculated in to the KWh rate. This allows us to calculate a full charge on our packs at $3.21. This is an increase of $1.11 over last years calculation.
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Escape EV kits will work on 2007-2008 Ford Escapes with the 2.3 Liter Duratec engine and five speed manual transmission.
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Any qualified mechanic can install our EV conversion kit in the Escape or the Ranger. Unqualified mechanics can also install the conversion kits, and they are a lot more fun to watch.
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Our LiFePO4 replacement packs are an easy replacement for older OEM EV's. The original "pack" sensors are fooled by a mil-spec resistor array that makes them happy, and allows them to continue to display information as though the original pack was in place. The resistor array is placed across the entire bias of the new pack to allow for monitoring. The LiFePO4 packs have their own requirements for equilization and monitoring. We recommend PakTrakr and BatteQ products for these functions.
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No, you cannot charge your EV overnight with a solar array. Solar arrays function best during business hours.
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Yes, there is one special tool required for the Ranger conversion. The six bolts used to attach the bed to the truck frame are Torx bolts. Some people call them star bolts. Fortunately these are available at most auto parts stores. The most common kit is made by GreatNeck and its part number is 2057. The specific range you will need is the T-40 to T-60 Range.
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Solar panel ratings can be mis-leading. There are several ways that companies rate their panels. The first way is to advise you of the number of Watts it can produce per square meter. This is a particularly useful means of rating solar collectors so it is not the one favored by most manufacturers. Another method requires the calculation of photons per second striking the surface of the cell array and the number of electrons set in to motion. They often use this to come up with "efficiency" ratings fo the panels. Unfortunately there are a lot of things that can interfere with a photon's destiny with the solar panel.....such as pollen and air pollution. For this reason we like real world information on our solar cells. Since we live in the good old US of A we will state this in inches and feet :) Our solar panels produce 4.5 Amps per square foot.
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Long range tests of the Ford Escape Hybrid shows that its true, all highway MPG, is 30 MPG.
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The Ranger conversion kit is designed to convert any Ford Ranger from 2001-2008. The bolt pattern on the bell housing though is a perfect match only for the 4 cylinder, 2.3 Liter Duratec engine mated to a 5 speed transmission. Other combinations will require "tweaking" of the bolt pattern.
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Many people want to go green, and reduce their carbon footprint, and this is an admirable goal. If you are also looking to conserve the green in your wallet or purse you have to be honest with yourself. Today's EV's have the range to handle your daily commutes, but hybrids are designed for specific driving needs. Hybrids get better than average highway/city MPG, but their greatest benefit is in the city. So, if you see more stop lights than state troopers on your daily commute than a hybrid might just be perfect for you. Otherwise, an EV might be the better choice.
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The Escape PHEV is fully autmomated, you do not need to put it in to EV mode, it knows when the greatest benefit can be found for either mode. It does however have the option to go in to preferred EV mode if you desire. This is done through a console mounted touch switch.
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Some general rules on lithium:
Upgrading from Nimh to Li will increase your range by about 20%.
Upgrading from LA to Li will increase your range by about 80%.
Lithium cell groups have to be balanced before they are assembled in to the desired packs. For instance, if you are aiming to build a 120VDC pack by building 10 12VDC groups, you have to fully charge the 10 12VDC groups prior to assembling them for the first time in to the 120VDC battery pack. Once this has been done you can charge them and discharge them as a whole.
A fully charged and balanced Li battery pack will remain balanced as long as you do not exceed 3C in discharge.
Lithium batteries are very obedient. They will continue to provide current if you want it, even if it means their death and destruction. For this reason it is very important that you monitor the charge on the groups at all times. A good tool for this is the PakTrakr. A 12V group of Li should not be allowed to fall below 10.8V, set your discharge cut off at this point. This allows a level of safety, a margin. There is a specific known level at which a Li will not recover, and we know what that level is....but we are not going to tell you because someone out there will set their cut off at .0001VDC above that point and then wonder what happened. Set your cut off at 10.8VDC per 12VDC pack. That is 2.7VDC per cell, a comfortable margin.
LionEV batteries will remain balanced as long as you do not exceed 3C in discharge. If you exceed 3C in discharge they will become imbalanced over time. This will not damage them but it will require that they be individually re-balanced to regain their full capacity. To avoid the hassle of taking your packs apart to balance them we recommend that you employ autmatic balancers in your packs. The absolute best one out there is the BatteQ.
You may use almost any pure DC isolated charger to charge the packs if you employ the PakTrakr and BatteQ technology in your vehicle. Set your upper limits at 3.8VDC per cell, and your lower at 2.7VDC per cell and you are all set.
Lithium batteries do not like to take a charge below freezing. I mean, think about it, would you? For both of you who live where it is below freezing all of the time, install a thermostaticaly controlled heating blanket under the pack to keep it above freezing. For the rest of us who live in areas where liquid water exists at least for a short period every year, here is a tip. Li batteries will discharge way below zero degrees F, and when discharging they will generate heat to well above freezing. When placed on a charger Li batteries will generate heat well above freezing. So.....when you get home from any drive, any time of the year, your batteries are warm enough to take a charge, and will stay warm until fully charged if you plug them in as soon as you park the vehicle. A little time management goes a long way, and the best time to plug in your charger is as soon as you get home.
Li batteries love to be kept on a charger, they have no memory. Our current battery packs have well over 2000 charge cycles in them. This does not mean that you can only plug in the charger 2000 times, it means that you can fully deplete them and fully charge them 2000 times. If you only drive 50 or 60 miles a day on a 200 mile pack, and plug it in every day, you are going to get about a gazillion charge cycles before the pack falls to 80 percent capacity.
Li packs do not require water cooling, air works just fine. They do generate heat, and you do have to move that heat away from them. The air movement created by the vehicle during a drive is sufficient to cool the packs. Route this through your packs. A properly ventilated Li pack will settle in at about 114F.
Li batteries do not vent gasses as long as 3C in discharge is not exceeded. Some venting can occur above that. The venting gasses are non-toxic.
Follow the few simple rules of Lithium and they will last a lifetime.
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"Are you going to do a DIY page for the Escape EV?"
No. The Escape EV is a very complicated conversion and requires the complete removal of the body from the chassis. We do not promote "self conversions" where success is unlikely, damage to the vehicle could occur, or personal injury could result.
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"How does a simple PHEV conversion help since I have the same old battery pack in the Escape?"
The orginal battery pack can be used in a PHEV upgrade. The pack discharges at a constant rate (due to the monitoring equipment) while sitting idle or overnight. When you start it up in the morning it will go in to the ICE mode, and remain in that mode for nine minutes while topping off the battery pack. Adding the plug in feature means that your battery remains topped off and ready to perform its EV duties. This extends the MPG significantly unless you live right on a highway entrance ramp.
The more advanced upgrades add battery storage power, and more importantly a change in software that slightly alters the operation of the EV portion of the system. This reaps huge benefits under city driving conditions.
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"I am not comfortable buying a car sight unseen over the internet, can I see the car I am going to buy before I buy?
Yes, many of our dealers are ordering vehicles for stock, you can select from these in the real world if you like. Another option is to buy one of our demo vehicles as they tour the country, but be prepared with a hair trigger as they do not last long.
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"I regularly drive a 350 mile one way trip for business. Can I realistically make this with a 200 mile pack if I plan ahead?"
Yes, wear comfortable shoes.
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"What is the lead time on the Ranger DIY Kit?"
Ranger kits are in stock with immediate shipping.
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"Can I transport to Uranus with Lithium battery packs?"
One could only hope!
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"Why don't you publish the names and addresses of your dealerships?"
Our dealerships are privately owned, and in almost all cases run from the familiy home or business. There are no brick and mortar lots for you to visit during business hours, or a staff to handle walk-in clients. The EV market is not as developed as the ICE market, and cannot support this kind of staffing in most cases. Email addresses alone are provided for our dealers, by LionEV, so that visits can be coordinated with the dealership owners.
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"How can I arrange a tour of your manufacturing plant?"
You can't. Only dealers are allowed to visit our facilities, and only then by appointment.
A single Ford Ranger requires the facilities of companies in Japan, China, AL, SC, VA, and PA to complete its journey from ICE to nice. LionEV owns only one of these facilities, the others are contract services. The final assembly plants also produce military service vehicles and are not generaly accessible to the public.
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"Who makes your battery?"
We do. Our batteries are custom built for us, to our specs, by MIT Inc. We have other factories in the wings that can also build to spec if the demand exceeds the capacity or capabilities of MIT in a given period.
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Cabin heat is provided by an immersion heater that is mounted in the original radiator overflow container. This method provides stable heat and is the most energy efficient approach.
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Top speed on the 2008 Ranger was tested to 80 MPH, but likely is just above 100 MPH.
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We are doing a video and film of the Escape conversion, but will not likely post it. It will be made available to those who do professional conversions. The Escape is a rather involved conversion, and not recommended for the average EV enthusiest.
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The LionEV Escape PHEV is set to function fully electric below 47 MPH.
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Shipping can vary from 1200 to 2600 from VA to most any point in the states. If you have a local dock that has a flat bed dock with vehicle ramp to the ground you can cut the delivery price in half.
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Since we are all about conservation we re-use many of the items in the original vehicles, but for different purposes. Radiators become vacuum assist reservoirs, overflows are used for the heating system, the old air filter box houses and muffles the vacuum pump. The original electric fan is used to cool the air conditioner condensor.
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The truck in the DIY photos is a 2008 Ford Ranger.
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Yes the conversion kits for the Ranger will be availble for home converters. The kit includes all of the electronics, the adaptor plate for the transmission, the pulley frame for the alt, AC, and power steering pumps. Three battery pack options will be offered along with the kit.
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The motors are sold as "Like New" since they only have a few miles on them, typical mileage of less than 100 miles.
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Power steering is maintainted by installing a new frame for a pulley assembly. This allows the secondary shaft of the motor to "spin" the alternator, AC compressor, and the power steering pump.
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Power brakes are handled by a 12VDC vacuum pump. The pump works in conjunction with the original reservoir and master cylinder.
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A typical conversion takes about 40 hours for the EV enthusiest. This does not include the time required for outsourced work, like the adaptor plate and pulley assembly. Most EV convertors are not equipped to mill a proper adaptor plate. Are Lithium Iron Phosphate batteries the best batteries out there? The answer to that question, which is asked quite often, depends on the application. Considering price, weight, output, safety, and size, Lithium Iron Phosphate batteries are the best thing out there for use in Electric Vehicles. In the case of grid storage systems LA is still a viable option. Most people using LA grid systems are doing so based upon the price, and they almost always undersize the battery packs due to cost concerns. This puts undue stress on the LA packs and shortens the life. If you are going to use LA, do it right. Calculate the Ah's you need and then triple it. --------
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The Ford Escape Hybrid is converted to a PHEV (plug in hybrid). For in city use it is set to run primarily on electric power, but on the highway it can operate as a hybrid. The Escape hybrid engine has 155 HP but the acceleration of a 200 HP engine. At highway speeds it can call on the electric motor to boost this to almost 255 HP. This also comes in handy when towing.
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Now, if price is not a concern, and you really want to do things right, use Lithium Iron Phosphate. LiFePO4 packs require no maintenance, have an extremely long life, are waterproof, and require very little space. You can harvest from your array and store it in the LiFePO4 packs buried underground. Amaze your friends and neighbors by inviting them over and showing them your fully functional house with no meter on the power grid.
True, the sag experiment is not a high tech endeavor, but it is a ground-breaking test as it has never been done before. LionEV supports experimentation of a great variety. It doesn't have to be high tech to catch our eye, just well done, and thoughtfully pursued. Edison was once criticized for taking so long to find the right filament for the electric light bulb. 1,000 tries to find the one filament, what a waste. Edison responded that it was a highly successful experiment because he found 999 things that were not light bulb filaments.
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Our coast to coast EV trip is record setting in many ways. First, it will be accomplished in 60 hours or less. It is also the first coast to coast trip in a Lithium powered car, and it is the first relay trip of its kind.
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We do not currently convert four wheel drive vehicles, though we do expect to in the near future.
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The long awaited colors for the ranger are now available by clicking here.
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No we will not be producing Accents or Tucson in 2008. Our Suv will be the Ford Escape. We will not be producing a small car.
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Yes you can buy conversion kits for vehicles. We offer kits for the Accent, Tucson, Ranger, and Escape. The kit prices will be listed in early February.
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Yes, you can use your vehicle battery pack to power your house off grid, or to accept a charge from solar or wind systems.
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The batteries on your order page come in different voltages. Can I mix and match these to make my own battery pack? No, if you look at the voltage ranges of the silver, gold and platinum packs you will see that they are set to achieve the most common EV voltage ranges. Battery systems work best if all of the battery packs are of the same voltage and Ah rating.
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Why do I have to buy 10KWh of batteries? I want to do an electric motorcycle, I don't need that much. We specialize in 200 Ah cells for EV's. 10 KWh is about as small as you would want to go with an EV battery system.
There are no pictures of the colors for the ranger on your page, why not? We are selling the 2008 Ranger, and have not yet received the images for the colors, only the descriptions (names) of the colors.
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Why can't I order options other than color and range for my Accent? You can after your vehicle arrives at the dealership. Once it is there you may find that the option you wanted was on the vehicle as a perk option, so free. Don't pay for something that you might get for free on the vehicle.
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The order page lets me choose my exterior color, why can't I choose the interior color? Our arrangement with Fleet purchasing only allows for neutral colors for the interiors. This means that the colors of the interiors will be complementary to the exterior.
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What is the order process? Select the vehicle type you want on our website, then click on the link for available colors. Choose your color and then go to the order page and build your car. Options can also be found on the options page, or the order page.
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Can I go to a Hyundai dealership and pick out my own car there? If you find one at a dealership that you like, we can inquire about putting it on our fleet purchase agreement. You will likely pay a bit more for the vehicle, and you may have to pay for the extra costs to transport the vehicle to Fort Mill.
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How do I pay my deposit? You can use our e-store shopping cart, or wire transfer, or mail service.
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No, our vehicles are not currently available with right side steering columns (European style).
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Yes, there is an onboard charger included with every vehicle.
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Yes, vehicles are sold by VIN not by any lot or dealership number. This ensures that the vehicle you choose is the vehicle that you get.
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No, our vehicles do not come with OnStar standard
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No our vehicles are not stripped down models. You can view the individual vehicles offered on the web along with a complete options chart for you vehicle.
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Yes, we have completed at least one energy conversion test to produce an equivelent MPG rating for our cores. Track tests conducted on June 13, 2007 using the Ampmobiles S-10 truck resulted in an equivelent MPG rating of 114 MPG.
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Yes, our battery packs are very compact. 6.174 KWh occupies a space of only 18.1 inches, by 15.7 inches, by 5.3 inches. Doubling the KWh does not double the size of the pack. For instance the only change to the pack in this example if you doubled the energy would be in the third figure, which would increase only 3.9 inches. This allows our packs to occupy the space presently used by fuel tanks and exhaust system components.
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The air conditioner compressor for our vehicles is driven by the secondary shaft on our motor. This allows you to keep your passenger compartment cool even when stuck in traffic.
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The first Ford Rangers will not be delivered until January of 2008.
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Engines removed from our vehicles (ICE) are sold to parts suppliers.
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Yes, our batteries are lithium based.
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No, we do not use cobalt based electrodes, they are far too volatile, too dangerous for EV use.
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Yes, we manufacture our own controller BMS, and onboard computer. Other components are manufactured by industry leaders for us, under private labels.
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Full manufacturers warrantees are extended to our vehicles, from the transmission back to the rest of the drive train, and all internal components of the passenger compartment. Electric motor and control systems are covered under LionEV warranty.
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We have been developing electric car components since 2001.
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We are based in Chesapeake and Virginia Beach, VA with testing locations in Virginia, SC, China, Japan, and Australia. Primary manufacturing is done in PA.
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Or sedans and SUV's are manufactured by Hyundai of America, our trucks by Ford Motor company. There is no corporate relationship between Hyundai, Ford, and LionEV.
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Yes, we ship to Europe, shipping rates average $800 per vehicle to the dock. In the states the shipping fees average $480. Lower 48 states only, slightly higher to Alaska and Hawaii
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We produce two technologies for battery packs, Lithium Iron Phosphate, and Lithium Ion Polymer.
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No, outside of battery performance charts we do not intend to share the recipe for either of our battery packs.
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As a general rule of thumb our battery packs weigh not more than 135 pounds per 10,800 Ah.
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Our packs can produce 2,100 amps upon demand.
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Normal high constant draw is 600 Amps, constant draw normal is 250 Amps.
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Lithium packs love temperatures in the 70's and above. They operate well below zero but do not like to be charged below freezing. Operating current and range are effected by below freezing temps so the battery core is warmed by the 12VDC aux pack to maintain optimal performance of the packs.
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It takes about 9 hours to fully charge a vehicle's packs.
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Our chargers weigh less than 8 pounds and can operate on voltages from 110 VAC to 230 VAC at either 50 Hz or 60 Hz. These are plug and play chargers as they automatically adjust to the input voltage.
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Battery packs have a chemical life of not less than 15 years. 1300 full charge cycles while retaining 80% capacity after that. There is no known terminal life span for Lithium at this time. Testing seems to indicate that once the cells have reached their estimated number of full charge cycles they continue to provide 80% of their original range.
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Our battery packs are put through a series of tests. Bench tests for safety and stability. Sled tests for performance. Track tests for endurance and capacity. We have probably logged more miles on Lithium based batteries than any other company in the world.
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Yes, we do manufacture battery packs for other vehicle makers.
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No, we will not give you a schematic of our dynamic controls system.
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Yes, our high end cores do utilize regenerative charging.
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Our high end test mileage is 456 miles, the lowest test mileage achieved was 72 miles. That test was done while towing a 22 foot boat on a trailer. We probably would not have done as well if we had not put the boat on a trailer, but since we didn't catch any fish the day was pretty much a waste of time.
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Yes we ship to Canada, and to Mexico.
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No we have never done a 0-60 MPH speed test. Our goal has always been range, not acceleration. However, if you reinforce the motor to transmission adaptor plate you can exceed ICE specs off of the line any day of the week.
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Yes we use the existing transmissions in the vehicles. Specs are located on the site under "vehicles" or "new vehicles". Only manual transmissions are available at this time.
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Yes we make replacement battery packs for the aging EV market.
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Yes, you can visit your cars at the lot, or take a test drive. Email for an appointment for a test drive. Vehicles can be checked out on our SC lot at any time, or while they are still at the dealership.
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Delivery generally takes 60 days from date of purchase.
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All vehicles are brand new, and you hold the original title. Once you make the selection of your vehicle you are required to fax or scan a copy of your drivers license to the dealership. The vehicle will then be titled in your name as the original owner of the new vehicle.
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Any taxes and transportation fees are your responsibility.
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Yes, there are some serious federal and state tax benefits to our vehicles. We will provide the forms for these.
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All of our vehicles use DC motors, and operate at non-lethal ranges. Our goal has always been safety of the occupant and in the event of an accident the EMT's who respond. All LionEV's are labeled with voltages and safety guidelines.
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Yes, our vehicles come with airbags, seat restraints, and surround sound. Any option found in high end vehicles.
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No, our cars at this time do not have the automatic parallel parking feature.
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Our cars use standard tire products.
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The weight of our vehicles pretty closely matches the original curb weight of the vehicle off of the lot. This maintains the suspension system and performance of the original vehicle.
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Air conditioning is standard on all of our vehicles. Heat for the cabin is not produced by the engine, rather by the controller and an instant on source, so there is no need to warm up the car to defrost the windows or you.
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No the cars do not need oil. Yes they do have antifreeze. Coolant is used to remove heat from the controller area and to regulate heat in the cabin.
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No there are no plans at this time to install 110 VAC outlets in the cabin. There are 12VDC outlets for cell phones, laptops, and other appliances.
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No you cannot add Lithium batteries to your lead acid arrangement. Battery chemistry is not compatible. You have to replace the entire battery core with Lithium.
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Lithium batteries are truly maintenance free.
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No we don't plan on putting schematics of our controllers, BMS, PCM, Dynamic Controller, or primary processor online.
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No, the vehicles we use are not factory rejects. The vehicles we purchase are part of a fleet purchase agreement, and they come from dealerships around the country. When a dealership has a vehicle sitting on the lot for a little while they get nervous and will deal with the fleet programmers to move it. Towards the end of the month there are factory incentives that also entice dealers to place vehicles in to the fleet programs. You might think that you would end up with some of the less desirable colors or options but that has not been the case. In the past month we have received white, black, sapphire blue, ice blue for exterior colors, and many perk options.
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Yes, at this time all of our vehicles arrive with engine and fuel/exhaust system intact. It is much more efficient for handling the cars if they can be pulled in to the bay as an ICE vehicle and driven out as an EV.
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Thank you for your questions.
Administration
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